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EBM

Critical Appraisal Tools

Levels of Evidence

Reporting levels of evidence is an important part of critical appraisal.

In Australia NHMRC Levels of Evidence are used. However  institutions around the world may use other levels of evidence. Always cite the source of the level of evidence you are using. See the following PowerPoint for an overview of available levels of evidence:

Critical Appraisal Books

What is critical appraisal and why should we use it?

It usually comes as a surprise to students to learn that some (the purists would say 99% of) published articles belong in the bin, and should certainly not be used to inform practice". Greenhalgh, p.31 2010.