This guide is based on Griffith University's IEEE Referencing Guide and is created under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The IEEE Referencing style was developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). It is a numeric style, where citations are numbered by the order they appear in the text. See below for examples of the basic citation and reference format. Use the left hand menu to locate specific source types and examples.
The IEEE Reference Guide 2023 is the IEEE's official style guide.
You should check your unit guide or consult with unit convenors for the style required by your unit.
In-text citation:
As shown by [1]...
Reference list:
Format:
[#]. A. A. Author, B. B. Author, and C. C. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. #, no. #, pp. ##-##, Abbrev. Month. Year, doi: xxx. [Online]. Available: URL
Example:
[1] D. T. Frazier and C. Drovandi, “Robust approximate Bayesian inference with synthetic likelihood,” J. Comput. and Graphical Statist., vol. 30, no. 4, pp.958-976, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1080/10618600.2021.1875839 [Online]. Available: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10618600.2021.1875839?src=exp-mc
In-text citation:
Smith [2] and Brown and Jones [3] explain that...
Reference list:
Format:
[#] A. A. Author, B. B. Author, and C. C. Author, Title of Published Book, #th ed. City of Publisher, State (Only U.S.), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year. [Online]. Available: URL
Example:
[2] D. Ibrahim, Advanced PIC Microcontroller Projects in C, Kidlington, United Kingdom: Newnes, 2014. [Online]. Available: https://multisearch.mq.edu.au/permalink/61MACQUARIE_INST/467l3g/cdi_safari_books_v2_9780750686112
In-text citation:
Wood et al. [4]...
Reference list:
Format:
[#] A. A. Author, B. B. Author, and C. C. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, D.D. Editor, Ed., #th ed. City of Publisher, State (Only U.S.), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. #, pp. ##-##. [Online]. Available: URL
Example:
[4] M. A. Taylor, “Exploring inferential analysis,” in Information System Research: Fundamentals of Scientific Research for the Consumer, New York, NY, USA: Momentum Press, 2017, ch. 8, pp. 127-137. [Online]. Available: http://ebookcentral-proquest.com
In-text citation:
As mentioned earlier [2], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]...
Reference list:
Format:
[#] A. A. Author, B. B. Author, and C. C. Author, “Page title.” Website Title. Accessed: Abbrev. Month. day, year. [Online]. Available: URL
Example:
[8] Engineers Australia, “Engineering technologist.” Engineers Australia. Accessed: Nov. 21, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/about-engineering/occupational-categories#accordion-8226