The IEEE style was developed by the IEEE Standards Association. It provides instructions for authors for each type of publication such as journals, magazines, newsletters, and standards. It is widely used in electrical, electronic and computing publications.
IEEE uses a numbered system:
In-text citation:
References are indicated by the use of a number in square brackets [1] in the order of appearance in the article.
Reference list:
Displayed at the end of the article, providing full details of all references cited in-text. References are listed in numerical order, and in the same order in which they are cited in text (not in alphabetical order).
Use only the initials of the authors' given names. Use full stops and spaces between the initials. The author's last names come after the initials.
| Resource type | In-text citation | Reference List |
|---|---|---|
| Book | Dolan [1] states that... |
[1] C.W Dolan, The Engineering Design Challenge: A Unique Opportunity. San Rafael, CA, USA: Morgan & Claypool, 2013. NB: Abbreviated state for USA only. Publisher's name is abbreviated according to list at http://ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/wp-content/uploads/IEEE-Reference-Guide.pdf |
| Journal article | For example see [2]... |
[2] M.Choucair, N. M. K Tse, M. R. Hill and J. A. Stride, "Adsorption and desorption characteristics of 3-dimensional networks of fused graphene," Surf. Sci., vol 606, no. 1-2, pp. 34-39, Jan. 2012, doi:10.1016/j.susc.2011.08.016. NB Journal title is abbreviated according to list at https://images.webofknowledge.com/images/help/WOS/A_abrvjt.html Not all Journal titles and Conference Papers have DOIs. If no DOI substitute [Online]. Available: URL |
| Conference Paper | A recent study [3]... |
[3] S. Li, M. Hedley, I. B. Collings and D. Humphrey, "Indoor positioning based on ranging offset model and learning," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. Workshops (IEEE ICC 2017), Paris, France, May 21-25, 2017, pp. 1265-1270, doi: 10.1190/ICCW.2017.7962832 NB: Conference title is abbreviated. Not all Journal titles and Conference Papers have DOIs. If no DOI substitute [Online]. Available: URL |
| Government Report | The Chief Scientist and Engineer's report [4]... | [4] M. O'Kane, "Final report of the independent review of coal seam gas activities in NSW," NSW Government Chief Scientist & Engineer, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Sept. 30, 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.chiefscientist.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/56912/140930-CSG-Final-Report.pdf |
| Standard | The standard [5]... | [5] Methods for the analysis of zinc and zinc alloys- Determination of aluminium content - Titrimetric method, AS 1329.1-1994 (R2016), Standards Australia, Sept 19, 1994. [Online]. Available: https://www.saiglobal.com/PDFTemp/osu-2018-12-18/7921030977/1329.1-1994_R2016.pdf |
| Website | Recent news [6]... | [6] Engineers Australia. "Australia gets opportunity to work on fusion project." Engineers Australia. https://portal.engineersaustralia.org.au/news/australia-gets-opportunity-work-fusion-project (accessed Dec 18, 2018). |
The attached quick guides created by other institutions provide an overview of the IEEE referencing style. In these documents you will find examples for different types of materials and details on specific variations of citations.
If you require further information, consult the IEEE Editorial Style Manual, available in PDF format.
Macquarie University has licences for two bibliographic management software packages:
You can use these Bibliographic referencing tools to maintain your references. They can also create bibliographies automatically in Word.
EndNote and Mendeley training is available for current postgraduates, higher degree researchers and staff.
You can contact your Research Librarian for a session.
Watch these videos to give youself an idea on how to get started:
