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Vancouver Referencing

Instructions and links for Referencing support

Audiovisual material

In-text citation:

As seen in the MacNeil/Lehrer news hour,1 ...

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Reference list:

Title of segment [television or radio broadcast]. Title of program. Place of publication: Publisher; Date program was aired.

  1. The medical profession in the 1990's [television broadcast]. The MacNeil/Lehrer news hour. New York, Washington (DC): Public Broadcasting Service; 1993 Oct 11.

In-text citation:

Lennon2 showed ...

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Reference list:

Author(s) - Family name and initials. Title [Format]. Version number (if relevant). Place of publication: Publisher; Publication year. Item description - includes extent (number of physical pieces): colour, size.

  1. Lennon RL, Horlocker TT. Mayo Clinic procedural training manual: peripheral nerve blockade for major lower extremity orthopedic surgery [CD-ROM]. Rochester (MN): Mayo Foundation for Medical Education & Research; 2006. 1 CD-ROM: sound, colour, 4 3/4 in.

In-text citation:

Classic catch phrases ... according to the motion picture "The Castle".4

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Reference list:

Author(s) - Family name and initials. Title [motion picture]. Secondary author(s) - Family name and initials, (role in production). Place of publication: Publisher; Publication year. Item description.

  1. Sitch R, Kennedy J, Gleisner T, Cilauro S. The castle [motion picture]. Sitch R, director. Choate D, producer. Sydney (AU): Village Roadshow Picture; 1997. 1 reel: 85 min., sound, colour, 16 mm.

In-text citation:

Evidence has shown the pyramid was built for special purposes.3

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Reference list:

Author(s) - Family name and initials - (if available). Title [format]. Secondary author(s) - Family name and initials, (role in production). Place of publication: Publisher; Publication year [date it was viewed]. Available from: URL

  1. Tran F. Egypt's great pyramid: the new evidence [video on the Internet]. Tran F, director. Parrault S, Priou E, Darondeau Y, producers. Paris (FR): Bonne Pioche Productions; 2017 [2017 Nov 11]. Available from: http://edutv.informit.com.au/watch-screen.php?videoID=2210167

In-text citation:

The latest fossil discovered ... in this land.5

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Reference list:

Author(s) - Family name and initials. Title of podcast [podcast on the Internet]. Place of production: Producer; Production or copyright date [updated year month day (if available); cited year month day]. Available from: URL

  1. Dirks, P. “Missing Link” fossil discovery in South Africa [podcast on the Internet]. Sydney (AU): ABC Radio National; 2010 [updated 2010 Apr 9; cited 2010 Apr 14]. Available from: http://www.abc.net.au/rn/breakfast/stories/2010/28680 72.htm

In-text citation:

The image of the rash6 ...

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Reference list:

Author/organization. Title [image on the Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher's name; Publication date or year [updated date; cited date]. Available from: URL

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. PHIL photo ID#6121: Chickenpox in an unvaccinated child [Image on the internet]. 2011 [updated 2011 Nov 16; cited 2014 Feb 28]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/about/photos.html

Citing medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers (2nd edition) and AMA manual of style provide detailed guidance in formatting bibliographic citations in Vancouver referencing style.